Ecosystem based management approach#
Description#
Ecosystem services are identified, assessed and incorporated to the management of the area.
WWF (2022) Assessing the balance between nature and people in European Seas: Maritime Spatial Planning in the North-East Atlantic Ocean. WWF European Policy Office, WWF-Portugal, WWF-Spain. Available at https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_north_east_atlantic_msp_assessment_2022.pdf
WWF European Policy Office (2022a) Maritime Spatial Planning in the North-East Atlantic – Technical Annex. WWF European Policy Office, Belgium. Available at https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_north_east_atlantic_msp_assessment_2022___technical_annex.pdf
WWF European Policy Office (2022b) Maritime Spatial Planning in the North Sea – Technical Annex. WWF European Policy Office, Belgium. Available at https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_north_sea_msp_assessment_2022___technical_annex.pdf
Ehler, C. (2014) A Guide to Evaluating Marine Spatial Plans. Paris, UNESCO. IOC Manuals and Guides, 70; ICAM Dossier 8. Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000227779/PDF/227779eng.pdf.multi
UNESCO-IOC/European Commission (2021) MSPglobal International Guide on Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning. Paris, UNESCO. (IOC Manuals and Guides no 89). Available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379196
Ocean’s criteria set for selection of essential fish habitats;
SPAMI List; - RAC/SPA. (2020). Protocol concerning specially protected areas and biological diversity in the Mediterranean, Annex I: Common criteria for the choice of protected marine and coastal areas that could be included in the SPAMI list. https://www.rac-spa.org/sites/default/files/annex/annex_1_en.pdf
MSFD Annex III Table 1 - Directive 2008/56/EC. (2008). Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive).