Q 10 - How to protect marine mammals?#

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Notes

The objective is to contribute to reach the Biodiversity targets 2030 in general.

Answers#

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Operational approaches

ESE1 - Ecological toolkit#

Practices: Scoping Data collection and presentation Analysis and diagnosis Prioritisation and designation Implementation and management
Spatial scales: Transboundary / sea basin National Regional / local
Protection regimes: Non-strict protection
Marine zones: Coastal zone Offshore zone
Applications: Marime Mammals & CC: NW Mediterranean prioritization for 2030

Criteria classes: 1.1.1 Vulnerability 1.1.3 Functional hotspots 1.1.4. Life cycle critical areas

Criteria

Operational approaches: (Method) Trait-based Vulnerability Assessment

Implementation details

For more information on this answer, please refer to question 52 - “How to protect pelagic habitats”? Specific considerations on the scoping phase: - Spatio-temporal scale of the analysis: consider the relevant scale for the target species, which include metapopulations. For instance, if the question is applied for the North Western Mediterranean, it is important to consider population dynamics, habitat use and migration across the Mediterranean Sea and the role of the areas within the case study of the NWM. About the temporal scale, consider short- and long-term climate change projections to explore potential climatic stressors. - Uncertainty assessment: Consider data, information, and knowledge availability for the target species and the target area. Consider multiple strategies: - analyze the exposure (page 38, Deliverable 3.3) to climatic and anthropogenic stressors of species; - assess sensitivity (page 58), and vulnerability (page 93) of species to define the risks across species derived from anthropogenic and climatic stressor. Consider a trait-based vulnerability assessment as a qualitative or quantitative approach (where data are available). The analysis covers the Vulnerability macro-criterion. The same types of analyses can be run for the habitats supporting the target species. All this knowledge on species and supporting habitats is essential to identify potential management levers (Cambra et al., 2024, section 5.2, ESE criteria Species Vulnerability to Climatic and Anthropogenic stressors). Generic recommendations: - Focus on speed limits inside MPA and in known key life-cycle areas and migration routes. To support the identification of key life-cycle areas and migration routes, use the criteria Ecological corridors/Migration routes, Nurseries and breeding grounds and Developmental and Feeding/Foraging habitats. Other criteria can be found in the macro-criterion Functional Hotspots (Presence of key functional species and areas). An extensive explanation on the criteria is available in the Deliverable 3.4 (c.f. notes).

MSPdF Classification: Marine & Coastal Environment -> Ecosystem: Species Marine & Coastal Environment -> Ecosystem: Habitat Marine & Coastal Environment -> Ecosystem: Ecosystems, including food webs Marine & Coastal Environment -> Pressure: Biological Marine & Coastal Environment -> Pressure: Physical Marine & Coastal Environment -> Pressure: Substances, litter and energy Maritime Activities and MSP

Notes

See example of application of Life-cycle critical areas and Functional Hotspots macrocriteria in D3.4 - Kotta et al. (2024) Ecological toolkit (ESE1) for MPAs prioritization and networking. Deliverable

See example of application of vulnerability macrocriterion in D3.4 - Kotta et al. (2024) Ecological toolkit (ESE1) for MPAs prioritization and networking. Deliverable – D3.4., under the WP3 of MSP4BIO project (GA n° 101060707)

Cambra et al (2024). Guidance for including climate change scenarios in protection and prioritization strategies for Marine Protected Areas development. Deliverable D3.3, under the WP3 of MSP4BIO project (GA n° 101060707)

References

  • Cambra E., Conversi A., Whatley L., Menegon S., Beckaert M., Bongiorni L., Calado H., Pinarbasi K., Barboza F., Lauri K., Sciascia R., Cristina A., Marasovic T, Boudy C., Alloncle N., Gissi E. (2024). Guidance for including climate change scenarios in protection and prioritization strategies for Marine Protected Areas development. Deliverable D3.3, under the WP3 of MSP4BIO project (GA n°101060707)

Applications