Q 48 - How to reduce risks (e.g. of collision) and impacts (e.g. from noise pollution) on key cetacean species, particularly during the breeding season and in sensitive areas?#

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Answers#

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ESE1 - Ecological toolkit#

Practices: Implementation and management
Spatial scales: Transboundary / sea basin National Regional / local
Protection regimes: Non-strict protection
Marine zones: Coastal zone Offshore zone

Criteria classes: 1.1.4. Life cycle critical areas 1.4 Ecological status

Criteria

Implementation details

To answer this question, it is important to define the target of the analysis. Through the Scoping phase, define the species of cetaceans, the marine region and the spatial and temporal scale of the assessment. The analysis is applied to define the areas of particular importance for the cetaceans (e.g., key life cycle areas), as well as migratory routes. Once the targets of the analysis are defined, analyze species traits and their sensitivity and vulnerability to potential impacts derived from anthropogenic pressures and from climate change. The analysis is performed not only including direct stressors on individuals, but also considering indirect effects of climate change on cetaceans life cycles by analyzing exposure to climatic stressors on life-cycle critical areas (e.g., feeding areas, reproducing areas). The analysis can be performed qualitatively, considering available knowledge from peer-reviewed and grey literature as well as local ecological knowledge, or quantitatively considering modeling tools (ref. to ESE1 – Deliverable 3.4, Decision Support Tools ). Another strategy is to run an exposure assessment to analyze the disturbance of anthropogenic stressors on the habitats of cetaceans. To support the identification of key life-cycle areas and migration routes, used the ESE1 criteria Ecological corridors/Migration routes, Nurseries and breeding grounds and Developmental and Feeding/Foraging habitats. Other criteria can be found in the macro-criterion Functional Hotspots (Presence of key functional species and areas). In general, to reduce risks and impacts on marine mammals related to boating and shipping, the management lever is to reduce speed limits of traffic impacting key life-cycle areas and migration routes.

Notes

Cambra E., Conversi A., Whatley L., Menegon S., Beckaert M., Bongiorni L., Calado H., Pinarbasi K., Barboza F., Lauri K., Sciascia R., Cristina A., Marasovic T, Boudy C., Alloncle N., Gissi E. (2024). Guidance for including climate change scenarios in protection and prioritization strategies for Marine Protected Areas development. Deliverable D3.3, under the WP3 of MSP4BIO project (GA n°101060707)

References

  • Cambra E., Conversi A., Whatley L., Menegon S., Beckaert M., Bongiorni L., Calado H., Pinarbasi K., Barboza F., Lauri K., Sciascia R., Cristina A., Marasovic T, Boudy C., Alloncle N., Gissi E. (2024). Guidance for including climate change scenarios in protection and prioritization strategies for Marine Protected Areas development. Deliverable D3.3, under the WP3 of MSP4BIO project (GA n°101060707)