Q 25 - How to integrate the process of MPA designation or extension in MSP?#

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MSP should consider biodiversity and ecosystem protection as overarching objective and state this clearly in the vision (MSP Stage 2: “Assessing the context and defining a vision”). When “Analyzing existing and future conditions” (MSP Stage 3) the present level of protection and its effectiveness should be considered (existing MPAs, their management, the protection results achieved), as well as the occurrence of areas that should be protected (with reference to specific habitats or species). A spatial assessment of cumulative effects of anthropogenic pressures can support the identification of the areas most affected. Future scenarios of protection needs should be elaborated with the support of modelling tools, to consider changes linked to climate and use trends. Such analysis should support the identification of areas to be protected due to their value under future conditions (e.g. climate refugia). Candidate areas for new MPAs or for their extension should be identified. New MPA designation or their extension should be “Identified as a key issue” (MSP stage 4) for the plan. From a governance point of view, it is crucial to coordinate this process with the national process of MPA designation, in the case the latter is under the responsibility of a different authority. When “Elaborating the plan” (MSP Stage 5) the new MPAs should be designed and integrated in the system of uses of the area. The uses in the area, particularly in the surroundings of the MPA, should be managed in a way to keep the anthropogenic pressures under control and ensure functioning of MPA measures. Discussion of the implications of the extension of protection measures in the area should be discussed with stakeholders: trade-off methods can be applied.